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| Back CS8191 Precision Air-Core Tach/Speedo Driver with Short Circuit Protection The CS8191 is specifically designed for use with 4 quadrant air-core meter movements. The IC includes an input comparator for sensing input frequency such as vehicle speed or engine RPM, a charge pump for frequency to voltage conversion, a bandgap reference for stable operation and a function generator with sine and cosine amplifiers that differentially drive the meter coils. The CS8191 has a higher torque output and better output signal symmetry than other competitive parts (CS289, and LM1819). It is protected against short circuit and overvoltage (60 V) fault conditions. Enhanced circuitry permits functional operation down to 8.0 V. Features Direct Sensor Input High Output Torque Wide Output Voltage Range High Impedance Inputs Accurate Down to 10 V VCC Fault Protection - Overvoltage - Short Circuit - Low Voltage Operation * Internally Fused Leads in DIP-16 and SO-20L Packages http://onsemi.com 16 1 DIP-16 NF SUFFIX CASE 648 20 1 SO-20L DWF SUFFIX CASE 751D * * * * * * PIN CONNECTIONS AND MARKING DIAGRAM DIP-16 1 VCC VREG BIAS GND GND COS- SINE- FREQIN 1 VCC VREG BIAS NC GND GND NC COS- SIN- FREQIN A WL, L YY, Y WW, W SO-20L CS8191XNF16 AWLYYWW CS-8191 AWLYYWW 16 F/VOUT CP+ CP- GND GND COS+ SINE+ SQOUT 20 F/VOUT CP+ CP- NC GND GND NC COS+ SIN+ SQOUT = Assembly Location = Wafer Lot = Year = Work Week ORDERING INFORMATION Device CS8191XNF16 CS8191XDWF20 CS8191XDWFR20 Package DIP-16 SO-20L SO-20L Shipping 25 Units/Rail 37 Units/Rail 1000 Tape & Reel (c) Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2001 1 March, 2001 - Rev. 4 Publication Order Number: CS8191/D CS8191 BIAS CP+ SQOUT Input Comp. FREQIN + Charge Pump + - F/VOUT CP- VREG Voltage Regulator GND VREG 7.0 V GND GND GND COS+ + + Function Generator + + - SINE+ COS Output SINE Output COS- High Voltage, Short Circuit Protection SINE- VCC Figure 1. Block Diagram ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* Rating Supply Voltage, VCC Operating Temperature Range Junction Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Elecrostatic Discharge (Human Body Model) Lead Temperature Soldering: 1. 10 seconds maximum. 2. 60 second maximum above 183C. *The maximum package power dissipation must be observed. Wave Solder (through hole styles only) (Note 1.) Reflow: (SMD styles only) (Note 2.) < 100 ms Pulse Transient Continuous Value 60 24 -40 to +105 -40 to +150 -55 to +165 4.0 260 peak 230 peak Unit V V C C C kV C C http://onsemi.com 2 CS8191 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (-40C TA 105C, 8.0 V VCC 16 V, unless otherwise specified.) Characteristic Supply Voltage Section ICC Supply Current VCC Normal Operation Range Input Comparator Section Positive Input Threshold Negative Input Threshold Input Hysteresis Input Bias Current (Note 3.) Input Frequency Range Input Voltage Range Output VSAT Output Leakage Logic 0 Input Voltage Voltage Regulator Section Output Voltage Output Load Current Output Load Regulation Output Line Regulation Power Supply Rejection Charge Pump Section Inverting Input Voltage Input Bias Current VBIAS Input Voltage Non Invert. Input Voltage Linearity (Note 4.) F/VOUT Gain Norton Gain, Positive Norton Gain, Negative IIN = 1.0 mA @ 0, 87.5, 175, 262.5, + 350 Hz @ 350 Hz, CCP = 0.0033 F, RT = 243 k IIN = 15 A IIN = 15 A - - - 1.5 - 1.5 - -0.10 7.0 0.9 0.9 2.0 40 2.0 0.7 0.28 10 1.0 1.0 2.5 150 2.5 1.1 +0.70 13 1.1 1.1 V nA V V % mV/Hz I/I I/I 0 to 10 mA 8.0 V VCC 16 V VCC = 13.1 V, 1.0 VP/P 1.0 kHz - - 6.50 - - - 34 7.00 - 10 20 46 7.50 10 50 150 - V mA mV mV dB 0 V VIN 8.0 V - in series with 1.0 k ICC = 10 mA VCC = 7.0 V - - - - 2.4 2.0 200 - 0 -1.0 - - 2.0 2.7 2.3 400 -2.0 - - 0.15 - - 3.0 - 1000 10 20 VCC 0.40 10 - V V mV A kHz V V A V VCC = 16 V, -40C, No Load - - 8.0 70 13.1 125 16 mA V Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Function Generator Section: -405C 3 TA 3 85C, VCC = 13.1 V unless otherwise noted. Differential Drive Voltage (VCOS+ - VCOS-) Differential Drive Voltage (VSIN+ - VSIN-) Differential Drive Voltage (VCOS+ - VCOS-) Differential Drive Voltage (VSIN+ - VSIN-) 10 V VCC 16 V = 0 10 V VCC 16 V = 90 10 V VCC 16 V = 180 10 V VCC 16 V = 270 7.5 7.5 -8.5 -8.5 8.0 8.0 -8.0 -8.0 8.5 8.5 -7.5 -7.5 V V V V 3. Input is clamped by an internal 12 V Zener. 4. Applies to % of full scale (270). http://onsemi.com 3 CS8191 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (-40C TA 105C, 8.0 V VCC 16 V, unless otherwise specified.) Characteristic Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Function Generator Section: -405C 3 TA 3 85C, VCC = 13.1 V unless otherwise noted. (continued) Differential Drive Load 10 V VCC 16 V, -40C 25C 105C - = 0 to 225 = 226 to 305 13.1 V VCC 16 V 13.1 V VCC 10 V 13.1 V VCC 8.0 V 25C TA 80C 25C TA 105C -40C TA 25C TA = 25C, vs F/VOUT, 178 239 314 -0.08 -2.0 -3.0 -1.0 -1.0 -7.0 -2.0 -4.0 -2.0 60 - - - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 77 - - - +0.08 +2.0 +3.0 +1.0 +1.0 +7.0 +2.0 +4.0 +2.0 95 V deg deg deg deg deg deg deg deg /V Zero Hertz Output Voltage Function Generator Error (Note 5.) Reference Figures 2, 3, 4, 5 Function Generator Error Function Generator Error Function Generator Error Function Generator Error Function Generator Error Function Generator Error Function Generator Gain 5. Deviation from nominal per Table 1 after calibration at 0 and 270. PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION PACKAGE PIN # DIP-16 1 2 3 4, 5, 12, 13 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 15 16 - SO-20L 1 2 3 5, 6, 15, 16 8 9 10 11 12 13 18 19 20 4, 7, 14, 17 PIN SYMBOL VCC VREG BIAS GND COS- SIN- FREQIN SQOUT SIN+ COS+ CP- CP+ F/VOUT NC FUNCTION Ignition or battery supply voltage. Voltage regulator output. Test point or zero adjustment. Ground Connections. Negative cosine output signal. Negative sine output signal. Speed or RPM input signal. Buffered square wave output signal. Positive sine output signal. Positive cosine output signal. Negative input to charge pump. Positive input to charge pump. Output voltage proportional to input signal frequency. No connection. http://onsemi.com 4 CS8191 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS F VOUT + 2.0 V ) 2.0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 COS F/V Output (V) 7 6 5 4 3 2 SIN 0 45 90 135 180 225 Degrees of Deflection () 270 315 1 0 0 45 90 135 180 225 270 Frequency/Output Angle () 315 FREQ CCP RT (VREG * 0.7 V) Output Voltage (V) Figure 2. Function Generator Output Voltage vs. Degrees of Deflection 7.0 V (VSINE+) - (VSINE-) 1.50 1.25 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.00 -0.25 -0.50 -0.75 -1.00 -1.25 -1.50 0 Figure 3. Charge Pump Output Voltage vs. Output Angle -7.0 V Angle 7.0 V (VCOS+) - (VCOS-) VSIN ) * VSIN * VCOS ) * VCOS * Q + ARCTAN -7.0 V Deviation () 45 90 225 135 180 Theoretical Angle () 270 315 Figure 4. Output Angle in Polar Form 45 40 Ideal Angle (Degrees) 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1 5 9 13 17 Figure 5. Nominal Output Deviation Ideal Degrees Nominal Degrees 25 29 21 Nominal Angle (Degrees) 33 37 41 45 Figure 6. Nominal Angle vs. Ideal Angle (After Calibrating at 1805) http://onsemi.com 5 CS8191 Table 1. Function Generator Output Nominal Angle vs. Ideal Angle (After Calibrating at 2705) Ideal Q Degrees 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Nominal Q Degrees 0 1.09 2.19 3.29 4.38 5.47 6.56 7.64 8.72 9.78 10.84 11.90 12.94 13.97 14.99 16.00 17.00 Ideal Q Degrees 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Nominal Q Degrees 17.98 18.96 19.92 20.86 21.79 22.71 23.61 24.50 25.37 26.23 27.07 27.79 28.73 29.56 30.39 31.24 32.12 Ideal Q Degrees 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 50 55 60 65 70 Nominal Q Degrees 33.04 34.00 35.00 36.04 37.11 38.21 39.32 40.45 41.59 42.73 43.88 45.00 50.68 56.00 60.44 64.63 69.14 Ideal Q Degrees 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 155 Nominal Q Degrees 74.00 79.16 84.53 90.00 95.47 100.84 106.00 110.86 115.37 119.56 124.00 129.32 135.00 140.68 146.00 150.44 154.63 Ideal Q Degrees 160 165 170 175 180 185 190 195 200 205 210 215 220 225 230 235 240 Nominal Q Degrees 159.14 164.00 169.16 174.33 180.00 185.47 190.84 196.00 200.86 205.37 209.56 214.00 219.32 225.00 230.58 236.00 240.44 Ideal Q Degrees 245 250 255 260 265 270 275 280 285 290 295 300 305 Nominal Q Degrees 244.63 249.14 254.00 259.16 264.53 270.00 275.47 280.84 286.00 290.86 295.37 299.21 303.02 Note: Temperature, voltage and nonlinearity not included. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION and APPLICATION NOTES The CS8191 is specifically designed for use with air-core meter movements. It includes an input comparator for sensing an input signal from an ignition pulse or speed sensor, a charge pump for frequency to voltage conversion, a bandgap voltage regulator for stable operation, and a function generator with sine and cosine amplifiers to differentially drive the meter coils. From the partial schematic of Figure 7, the input signal is applied to the FREQIN lead, this is the input to a high impedance comparator with a typical positive input threshold of 2.7 V and typical hysteresis of 0.4 V. The output of the comparator, SQOUT, is applied to the charge pump input CP+ through an external capacitor CCP. When the input signal changes state, CCP is charged or discharged through R3 and R4. The charge accumulated on CCP is mirrored to C4 by the Norton Amplifier circuit comprising of Q1, Q2 and Q3. The charge pump output voltage, F/VOUT, ranges from 2.0 V to 6.3 V depending on the input signal frequency and the gain of the charge pump according to the formula: F VOUT + 2.0 V ) 2.0 FREQ CCP RT (VREG * 0.7 V) on-chip amplifier and function generator circuitry. The various trip points for the circuit (i.e., 0, 90, 180, 270) are determined by an internal resistor divider and the bandgap voltage reference. The coils are differentially driven, allowing bidirectional current flow in the outputs, thus providing up to 305 range of meter deflection. Driving the coils differentially offers faster response time, higher current capability, higher output voltage swings, and reduced external component count. The key advantage is a higher torque output for the pointer. The output angle, , is equal to the F/V gain multiplied by the function generator gain: Q + AF V AFG, where: AFG + 77 V(typ) The relationship between input frequency and output angle is: Q + AFG 2.0 FREQ CCP RT (VREG * 0.7 V) or, Q + 970 FREQ RT is a potentiometer used to adjust the gain of the F/V output stage and give the correct meter deflection. The F/V output voltage is applied to the function generator which generates the sine and cosine output voltages. The output voltage of the sine and cosine amplifiers are derived from the CCP RT The ripple voltage at the F/V converter's output is determined by the ratio of CCP and C4 in the formula: DV + CCP(VREG * 0.7 V) C4 http://onsemi.com 6 CS8191 Ripple voltage on the F/V output causes pointer or needle flutter especially at low input frequencies. The response time of the F/V is determined by the time constant formed by RT and C4. Increasing the value of C4 VREG 2.0 V + will reduce the ripple on the F/V output but will also increase the response time. An increase in response time causes a very slow meter movement and may be unacceptable for many applications. F/VOUT F to V RT R3 0.25 V + - VC(t) CCP Q3 - CP- FREQIN + SQOUT R4 CP+ C4 Q1 Q2 QSQUARE - 2.7 V Figure 7. Partial Schematic of Input and Charge Pump T tDCHG VCC tCHG FREQIN 0 SQOUT VREG 0 ICP+ VCP+ 0 Figure 8. Timing Diagram of FREQIN and ICP http://onsemi.com 7 CS8191 D1 Battery 1.0 A, 600 PIV 3.9, 500 mW D2 50 V, 500 mW Zener C1 0.1 F R1 1 VCC VREG BIAS CS8191 GND GND COS- R2 10 k C3 0.1 F Typical Speedometer Input Air Core Gauge Speedometer SINE- FREQIN F/VOUT CP+ CP- GND GND COS+ SINE+ SQOUT CCP 0.0033 F, +/-30 PPM/C R4 1.0 k R3 3.0 k C4 0.47 F + RT Trim Resistor, +/-20 PPM/C GND SINE COSINE Notes: 1. The product of C4 and RT have a direct effect on gain and therefore directly affect temperature compensation. 2. C4 Range; 20 pF to 0.2 F. 3. R4 Range; 100 k to 500 k. 4. The IC must be protected from transients above 60 V and reverse battery conditions. 5. Additional filtering on the FREQIN lead may be required. 6. Gauge coil connections to the IC must be kept as short as possible ( 3.0 inch) for best pointer stability. Figure 9. Speedometer or Tachometer Application Design Example Maximum meter Deflection = 270 Maximum Input Frequency = 350 Hz 1. Select RT and CCP Q + 970 FREQ CCP RT CCP must charge and discharge fully during each cycle of the input signal. Time for one cycle at maximum frequency is 2.85 ms. To ensure that CCP is charged, assume that the (R3 + R4) CCP time constant is less than 10% of the minimum input period. T + 10% 1 + 285ms 350 Hz Let CCP = 0.0033 F, find RT RT + 970 270 350 Hz 0.0033 mF RT + 243 kW RT should be a 250 k potentiometer to trim out any inaccuracies due to IC tolerances or meter movement pointer placement. 2. Select R3 and R4 Resistor R3 sets the output current from the voltage regulator. The maximum output current from the voltage regulator is 10 mA. R3 must ensure that the current does not exceed this limit. Choose R3 = 3.3 k The charge current for CCP is VREG * 0.7 V + 1.90 mA 3.3 kW Choose R4 = 1.0 k. Discharge time: tDCHG= R3 x CCP = 3.3 k x 0.0033 F = 10.9 s Charge time: tCHG = (R3 + R4)CCP = 4.3 k. x 0.0033 F = 14.2 s 3. Determine C4 C4 is selected to satisfy both the maximum allowable ripple voltage and response time of the meter movement. C4 + CCP(VREG * 0.7 V) DVMAX With C4 = 0.47 F, the F/V ripple voltage is 44 mV. Figure 10 shows how the CS8191 and the CS8441 are used to produce a Speedometer and Odometer circuit. http://onsemi.com 8 CS8191 D1 Battery 1.0 A, 600 PIV R1 1 VCC 3.9, 500 mW D2 50 V, 500 mW Zener C1 0.1 F VREG BIAS CS8191 GND GND COS- R2 10 k C3 0.1 F SINE- FREQIN F/VOUT CP+ CP- GND GND COS+ SINE+ SQOUT CCP 0.0033 F, +/-30 PPM/C R4 1.0 k R3 3.0 k C4 0.47 F + RT Trim Resistor, +/-20 PPM/C GND SINE Typical Speedometer Input Air Core Gauge Speedometer COSINE C2 10 F 1 CS8441 Air Core Stepper Motor 200 Notes: Odometer 1. The product of C4and RT have a direct effect on gain and therefore directly affect temperature compensation. 2. C4 Range; 20 pF to 0.2 F. 3. R4 Range; 100 k to 500 k. 4. The IC must be protected from transients above 60 V and reverse battery conditions. 5. Additional filtering on the FREQIN lead may be required. 6. Gauge coil connections to the IC must be kept as short as possible ( 3.0 inch) for best pointer stability. Figure 10. Speedometer With Odometer or Tachometer Application http://onsemi.com 9 CS8191 In some cases a designer may wish to use the CS8191 only as a driver for an air-core meter having performed the F/V conversion elsewhere in the circuit. Figure 11 shows how to drive the CS8191 with a DC voltage ranging from 2.0 V to 6.0 V. This is accomplished by forcing a voltage on the F/VOUT lead. The alternative scheme shown in Figure 12 uses an external op amp as a buffer and operates over an input voltage range of 0 V to 4.0 V. Figures 11 and 12 are not temperature compensated. CS8191 100 k 100 k VIN 0 V to 4.0 V DC BIAS + - 10 k CP- F/VOUT + - VREG 100 k CP- - + 10 k N/C BIAS CS8191 100 k 100 k Figure 12. Driving the CS8191 from an External DC Voltage Using an Op Amp Buffer VIN 2.0 V to 6.0 V DC F/VOUT Figure 11. Driving the CS8191 from an External DC Voltage http://onsemi.com 10 CS8191 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS DIP-16 NF SUFFIX CASE 648-08 ISSUE R -A- 16 9 NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 4. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. 5. ROUNDED CORNERS OPTIONAL. INCHES MIN MAX 0.740 0.770 0.250 0.270 0.145 0.175 0.015 0.021 0.040 0.70 0.100 BSC 0.050 BSC 0.008 0.015 0.110 0.130 0.295 0.305 0_ 10 _ 0.020 0.040 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 18.80 19.55 6.35 6.85 3.69 4.44 0.39 0.53 1.02 1.77 2.54 BSC 1.27 BSC 0.21 0.38 2.80 3.30 7.50 7.74 0_ 10 _ 0.51 1.01 B 1 8 F S C L -T- H G D 16 PL SEATING PLANE K J TA M M 0.25 (0.010) M DIM A B C D F G H J K L M S SO-20L DWF SUFFIX CASE 751D-05 ISSUE F D A 11 X 45 _ q H M B M 20 10X 0.25 E NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. 2. INTERPRET DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES PER ASME Y14.5M, 1994. 3. DIMENSIONS D AND E DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. 4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 PER SIDE. 5. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.13 TOTAL IN EXCESS OF B DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 2.35 2.65 0.10 0.25 0.35 0.49 0.23 0.32 12.65 12.95 7.40 7.60 1.27 BSC 10.05 10.55 0.25 0.75 0.50 0.90 0_ 7_ 1 10 DIM A A1 B C D E e H h L q 20X B 0.25 M B TA S B S A SEATING PLANE h 18X e A1 T C PACKAGE THERMAL DATA Parameter RJC RJA Typical Typical DIP-16 15 50 SO-20L 9 55 Unit C/W C/W http://onsemi.com 11 L CS8191 ON Semiconductor and are trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. "Typical" parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including "Typicals" must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. PUBLICATION ORDERING INFORMATION NORTH AMERICA Literature Fulfillment: Literature Distribution Center for ON Semiconductor P.O. Box 5163, Denver, Colorado 80217 USA Phone: 303-675-2175 or 800-344-3860 Toll Free USA/Canada Fax: 303-675-2176 or 800-344-3867 Toll Free USA/Canada Email: ONlit@hibbertco.com Fax Response Line: 303-675-2167 or 800-344-3810 Toll Free USA/Canada N. American Technical Support: 800-282-9855 Toll Free USA/Canada EUROPE: LDC for ON Semiconductor - European Support German Phone: (+1) 303-308-7140 (Mon-Fri 2:30pm to 7:00pm CET) Email: ONlit-german@hibbertco.com French Phone: (+1) 303-308-7141 (Mon-Fri 2:00pm to 7:00pm CET) Email: ONlit-french@hibbertco.com English Phone: (+1) 303-308-7142 (Mon-Fri 12:00pm to 5:00pm GMT) Email: ONlit@hibbertco.com EUROPEAN TOLL-FREE ACCESS*: 00-800-4422-3781 *Available from Germany, France, Italy, UK, Ireland CENTRAL/SOUTH AMERICA: Spanish Phone: 303-308-7143 (Mon-Fri 8:00am to 5:00pm MST) Email: ONlit-spanish@hibbertco.com ASIA/PACIFIC: LDC for ON Semiconductor - Asia Support Phone: 303-675-2121 (Tue-Fri 9:00am to 1:00pm, Hong Kong Time) Toll Free from Hong Kong & Singapore: 001-800-4422-3781 Email: ONlit-asia@hibbertco.com JAPAN: ON Semiconductor, Japan Customer Focus Center 4-32-1 Nishi-Gotanda, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan 141-0031 Phone: 81-3-5740-2745 Email: r14525@onsemi.com ON Semiconductor Website: http://onsemi.com For additional information, please contact your local Sales Representative. http://onsemi.com 12 CS8191/D |
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